1.2.4 Public Sector Reform in Singapore
Since 1980, the concept of public administration with Market-oriented management has convinced the Singaporean government of the necessity of public sector reform, which led to the announcement of the guidelines for bureaucratic development called “Public Service for the 21st Century (PS21)”. This guideline developed the bureaucracy by applying the administrative principles and concepts of the private sector involving service provision to the public (Sarker, 2006: 185. New public management in developing countries: An analysis of success and failure with particular reference to Singapore and Bangladesh, The International Journal of Public Sector Management; 19 (2), 2006). The focus of the Singaporean public administration was on productivity development in the civil service system, by establishing the 29 National Productivity Board in 1972 to develop productivity in the public sector (Office of Permanent Secretary for Interior, 2005: 56)