1. Introduction
This section provides an overview of the research on clinical waste management. According to the
Department of Environment (DOE) (2009), healthcare establishments include hospitals, clinics, outpatient
surgery centres, pharmacies and nursing homes that create and generatehazardous waste that
should be handled properly as to prevent its effect on the human health and the environment. The study is
conducted in order to determine and assess the clinical waste management in Malaysia thatfocuses on