When, for whatever reason, end-user involvement is not an appropriate or feasible strategy,
vicarious learning strategies (e.g., site visits) could be useful for supplying
organizational members with accurate information about task demands, resource requirements,
and situational factors affecting implementation. If readiness-enhancing
strategies are indeed equifinal--and this is an empirical question--
then organizational leaders, innovation champions, and other change agents could take with a grain of
salt the 'one best way' advice so often found in prescriptive change management writing, and focus instead of
developing and using strategies that are tailored to local needs, opportunities, and constraints.