Since converting procedural form of knowledge into declarative form can be called understanding based on its
definition; it is seen in Table 1 that students’ declarative knowledge success level declines by 31% (%66-%45)
compared to procedural knowledge success level. This suggests that students experience some problems while
converting procedural knowledge into declarative knowledge and they are unable to adequately “understand”
Newton’s laws of motion due to these problems. Some of these problems are related to the knowledge level. On
top of them is the inability to perceive data. In addition, the lower APS value of the variable of operation
compared to those of the variables of definition and formula indicates that students experience semantic problems.
Another indicator of this problem is the lower knowledge level of declarative knowledge variable of formula
when compared to QMT 2 success level. Using the free-body diagram in the restructuration of data by
partitioning it into its constituents can positively contribute to restructuration. However, students’ procedural
knowledge level in this variable is 12% and declarative knowledge level is 0%