Studies indicate that a number of personal characteristics are typically evident among academically successful students; these are similar to those demonstrated by children who are resilient in other domains of life. An internal locus of control, optimism, and a strong sense of self-efficacy are key characteristics exhibited by academically resilient children. Several studies have linked high self-esteem or a strong self-concept with resilience (e.g., Peng, Lee, Wang, & Wahlberg, 1992)