Abstract: Some agro-waste materials, like paddy straw, oil palm fibre and sawdust were screened for the cultivations of the straw mushroom volvariella volvacea. The experiment consisted of four treatments; paddy straw, oil palm fibre, sawdust, and a mixture of oil palm fibre and sawdust; in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) replicated three times. The paddy straw served as the control as it is the traditional substrate for the growth of the mushroom. The results showed that the straw naturally supported the mycelial growth and production of fruitbodies. Growth and production of fruitbodies on oil palm fibre was similar to that of paddy straw. The production of fruitbodies on the mixture of oil palm fibre and sawdust was scanty. Sawdust alone as a substrate produced few fruitbodies that were comparatively small in size. [Journal of American Science 2009;5(5):135-138]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).