s u m m a r y
The Kaoping River Basin is the largest and most extensively used watershed in Taiwan. In the upper
catchment, the non-point source (NPS) pollutants including suspended solid (SS) and ammonia nitrogen
(NH3–N) are two major water pollutants causing the deterioration of Kaoping River water quality.
Because SS is one of the four parameters involving in the River Pollution Index (RPI) calculation, it needs
to be carefully evaluated to obtain the representative water quality index. The main objective of this
study was to develop a water quality modeling system to obtain representative SS and RPI values for
water quality evaluation. In this study, a direct linkage between the RPI calculation and a water quality
model [Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP)] has been developed. Correlation equations
between Kaoping River flow rates and SS concentrations were developed using the field data collected
during the high and low flows of the Kaoping River. Investigation results show that the SS concentrations
were highly correlated with the flow rates. The obtained SS equation and RPI calculation package were
embedded into the WASP model to improve interactive transfers of required data for water quality modeling
and RPI calculation. Results indicate that SS played an important role in RPI calculation and SS was a
critical factor during the RPI calculation especially for the upper catchment in the wet seasons. This was
due to the fact that the soil erosion caused the increase in the SS concentrations after storms. In the wet
seasons, higher river flow rates caused the discharges of NPS pollutants (NH3–N and SS) into the upper
sections of the river. Results demonstrate that the integral approach could develop a direct linkage among
river flow rate, water quality, and pollution index. The introduction of the integrated system showed a
significant advance in water quality evaluation and river management strategy development
s u m m a r yThe Kaoping River Basin is the largest and most extensively used watershed in Taiwan. In the uppercatchment, the non-point source (NPS) pollutants including suspended solid (SS) and ammonia nitrogen(NH3–N) are two major water pollutants causing the deterioration of Kaoping River water quality.Because SS is one of the four parameters involving in the River Pollution Index (RPI) calculation, it needsto be carefully evaluated to obtain the representative water quality index. The main objective of thisstudy was to develop a water quality modeling system to obtain representative SS and RPI values forwater quality evaluation. In this study, a direct linkage between the RPI calculation and a water qualitymodel [Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP)] has been developed. Correlation equationsbetween Kaoping River flow rates and SS concentrations were developed using the field data collectedduring the high and low flows of the Kaoping River. Investigation results show that the SS concentrationswere highly correlated with the flow rates. The obtained SS equation and RPI calculation package wereembedded into the WASP model to improve interactive transfers of required data for water quality modelingand RPI calculation. Results indicate that SS played an important role in RPI calculation and SS was acritical factor during the RPI calculation especially for the upper catchment in the wet seasons. This wasdue to the fact that the soil erosion caused the increase in the SS concentrations after storms. In the wet
seasons, higher river flow rates caused the discharges of NPS pollutants (NH3–N and SS) into the upper
sections of the river. Results demonstrate that the integral approach could develop a direct linkage among
river flow rate, water quality, and pollution index. The introduction of the integrated system showed a
significant advance in water quality evaluation and river management strategy development
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