Patients of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often suffer
from co-morbidities like diabetes and cardiovascular
diseases. The most common, non-renal, chronic disorders
in patients with ESRD are GI disorders, necessitating the
need to understand the GI disorders accompanying
ESRD including those receiving renal replacement
therapy. Some GI conditions are as a result of uraemia or
the effects of renal replacement therapy or underlying
disease or medications1
. CKD is associated with several
abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract involving all
its segments. The genesis of these complications is
thought to be multifactorial. Most GI symptoms are
readily reversed by haemodialysis1
. However, with the
advent of haemodialysis, the nature and distribution of
disease appears to be changing, probably because these
patients survive longer2
. Patients with CKD on dialysis
have a high consumption of proton pump inhibitors
(PPIs)3
. The effect of yoga on different diseases has been
studied and its usefulness confirmed4
. However, studies
regarding effect of yoga in upper GI symptoms in CKD
are lacking. Hence this study was planned to evaluate
upper GI symptoms in CKD and to evaluate the effects
of haemodialysis, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and
yoga on these symptoms