The control period patients received follow-up care in a traditional transplant clinic model.Four transplant nephrologist also rotated through the clinic on a weekly basis. A typical patient visit lasted 15-20 min. At each clinic appointment,the transplant nurse: weighed the patient, measured the vital signs, reviewed the change in health status since the last clinic visit. After the nursing assessment was completed, the transplant nephrologist assessed the patient and reviewed any diagnostic or laboratory test results. Medication changes, diagnostic imaging and consultation with a dietician and/or social worker occurred as needed. The transplant surgeon was present in clinic one day per week and additional days as required. The advanced practice nurse and pharmacist were not available.