only have simple methods for teaching those problems,
while a system that concentrates on multiple or novel ways
to teach a particular topic might find a less sophisticated
representation of that content sufficient. Homogeneous or
heterogeneous representations can be used when multiple
components contain intelligence (Freedman, 2000).
According toWenger (1987), intelligent tutoring systems
(ITS) are computer programs that use several technological
resources to support a teaching–learning process (TLP).
Initially based on the programmed instruction paradigm,
the evolution of ITS guided them to the intelligent learning
environments (ILE) incorporating several pedagogical paradigms.
ITS uses techniques of artificial intelligence (AI) to
represent the three types of knowledge, indispensable to a
TLP: knowledge on the domain, on the pedagogical strategies
and on the apprentice (Dillenbourg & Mendelsohn,
1991). These different kinds of knowledge define the domain
knowledge module, the tutor module and the student
module, respectively. The interface module allows communication
between the apprentice and the system. ITS