Abstract
This chapter introduces the basic concepts of cement and concrete, and introduces the terms that are used in the more detailed study in later chapters. The hydration of cement is discussed. The difference between grout, mortar, and concrete is explained, and types of aggregate. Different applications for cement and concrete including in situ, precast concrete, and masonry units and mortar are explained. Reinforced and prestressed concrete is described. The main cement replacement materials and admixtures are discussed. The environmental impact of cement production, and ways to reduce it, are explained. The different processes that affect the durability of concrete structures are described.
Keywords
cement; concrete; mortar; reinforced concrete; cement replacements
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