The experience of the Volzhsk Pipe Plant in shipping skelp is also illustrative. The metal that was to be shipped was
made in electric furnaces and converters. Ultrasonic testing had already been introduced in the converter shop.
Defects were found in acceptance tests conducted by the plant on automated "SEVER" units.
Studies showed that 70% of the defects were found in the metal that had been made in the electric steelmaking shop, even though it has usually been thought that steel made in electric furnaces is of higher quality than steel made in converters.