Symptoms include typical one-sided wilting and dark
brown vascular discoloration. Upper stem tissues and wilted
seedlings were disinfested by immersion in a 1.0% aqueous solution
of sodium hypochlorite for 2 min, rinsed in sterile water, and placed
on PDA medium. After 72 h, hyphal growth was recovered and resubcultured on PDA and incubated at 25 C in 12-h light/dark
cycles.