Firstly, high concentration of ethanol was essential for effective
extraction of red pigments. The content of carotenoids colorants in
extracted solution are increased very quickly with ascending concentrations
of ethanol from 60% to 90%. Then it changed smally
with ethanolic concentrations increasing. The content of colorants
in extracted solution of 90% ethanol was about 92.6% of that of 95%
ethanol. Though 90% ethanol as solvent may be viable for the
production of red pigments from FRPs, 95% ethanol was still
selected as the optimal extraction solvent of red pigments from
FRPs in this work.
With the increase of the temperature of water bath, the content
of colorants in extractive solution increased duratively and got to
the best yield at 90 C. It may be understood that the reflux of
ethanol in flask is very good at 90 C of water bath, which could
help the solid materials tittuping well in the boiling ethanol so that
the pigments could be extracted out easily. The content of colorants
in extracted solution increased firstly with ascending ratio of solvent
to material and got a high value at 4 mL/g of the ratio of solvent
to material. And the content at 4 mL/g was about 96.6% of that at
6 mL/g. But, they were firstly increased with an extended time in
the range of 0.5e1.5 h and got to the best yield at 1.5 h of extraction
time, then they decreased smally.It may be understood that some
unstable pigments are decomposed in a long time of high temperature.
So, the optimal conditions for extraction of red pigments
by single-factor experiments were summarized as follows. The
residues removed capsaicinoids with 4 mL/g of 95% ethanol were
refluxed for 2 h at 90 C of water bath.
Firstly, high concentration of ethanol was essential for effectiveextraction of red pigments. The content of carotenoids colorants inextracted solution are increased very quickly with ascending concentrationsof ethanol from 60% to 90%. Then it changed smallywith ethanolic concentrations increasing. The content of colorantsin extracted solution of 90% ethanol was about 92.6% of that of 95%ethanol. Though 90% ethanol as solvent may be viable for theproduction of red pigments from FRPs, 95% ethanol was stillselected as the optimal extraction solvent of red pigments fromFRPs in this work.With the increase of the temperature of water bath, the contentof colorants in extractive solution increased duratively and got tothe best yield at 90 C. It may be understood that the reflux ofethanol in flask is very good at 90 C of water bath, which couldhelp the solid materials tittuping well in the boiling ethanol so thatthe pigments could be extracted out easily. The content of colorantsin extracted solution increased firstly with ascending ratio of solventto material and got a high value at 4 mL/g of the ratio of solventto material. And the content at 4 mL/g was about 96.6% of that at6 mL/g. But, they were firstly increased with an extended time inthe range of 0.5e1.5 h and got to the best yield at 1.5 h of extractiontime, then they decreased smally.It may be understood that someunstable pigments are decomposed in a long time of high temperature.ดังนั้น เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสมสำหรับการสกัดสีแดงโดยการทดลองปัจจัยเดียวสรุปผลดังนั้น ที่ตก capsaicinoids ลบ ด้วย 4 mL/g ของเอทานอล 95% ได้refluxed สำหรับ h 2 ที่ 90 C ของอ่างน้ำ
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