In particular, annual net migration substantially increased from the beginning of the 1990s, exceeding natural
change as a driver of UK demographic trends in all years from mid-1998 to mid-2011. However, natural change
has remained positive throughout the last two decades and has also continually increased from 2001 onwards, in
particular due a rise in the number of births. As a result of a significant drop of net migration (by almost 100,000),
2011-12 and 2012-13 were the first years after more than a decade when natural change contributed more to
the growth of the UK population than net migration – but net migration has again exceed natural change in 2013-
14. Overall, between mid-1991 and mid-2014 net migration resulted in an addition of 3.8 million people to the UK
population, accounting for just over half (53%) of total population growth.