On both sides of the Atlantic Ocean the bulk of EA professors have received their
academic positions after serving in the compulsory education system (as teachers,
administrators, superintendents); therefore, they might not have been prepared to meet
the scholarly expectations of faculty life. Evidently, productive American researchers
have tended to have more theoretical and research orientations, whereas “typical”
researchers leaned more toward an applied perspective (Tschannen-Moranet al., 2000).