We thank the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) for providing the opportunity for a joint NSF/BAS event and specifically M.Tuy for their cooperation, discussions, and assistance with sampling at the historic sites. We also thank the officers and crew of the HMS Endurance for accommodation and transportation to these remote locations. We thank JJ for assistance with sample preparations and SME and BB for helpful discussions and assistance in the laboratory. This research serves as partial fulfillment of PhD requirements at the University of Minnesota. This work is supported by National Science Foundation Grant No.0537143