The impedance of a structure for a photovoltaic (PV) panel
is theoretically obtained as a solution of Maxwell's equations.
Although the analytical impedance cannot be obtained
because of the complex configuration of a structure, the finite
difference time domain method is a practical tool for
obtaining the transient responses of the voltage and current in
a time domain. The frequency response of a structure
impedance is evaluated from the ratio between the voltage
and current frequency responses which is calculated by a
numerical Laplace transform. However, the numerical
method is disadvantageous in heavy computational load. On
the contrary, the structure impedance can be instantaneously
obtained by an impedance analyzer. The result obtained by
the experimental method may include the impedance of the
circuit for the measurement such as return wires. If the effect is removed, the result shows a good agreement with that by
the numerical method. The experimental method gives a
practical structure impedance and various characteristics by
using a scaled model.