Bhaduri and Phillips (2013) found that Y. pestis KIM5 did not grow in refrigerated ground pork (4 C), but was able to grow at the mild refrigeration abuse temperatures of 10 and 15 C at ca. 0.05 and 0.16 log10 CFU/h, respectively. Y. pestis KIM5 readily grew at 20, 25 and 30 C at 0.26, 0.30 and 0.77 log10 CFU/h. Sommers and Cooke (2009)found that Y. pestis was capable of growth on frankfurters at 10 C, while Gurtler et al. (2010) found Y. pestis capable of growth in refrigerated liquid egg. Torosian et al. (2009) found that Y. pestis was capable of growth in Brain Heart Infusion Broth at 4 C.