Firm offers personalized customized service and is based on competitive differentiation
Firm has extended relationship with customer rather than short-term transactions
Use of complex and non-routine technologies
Service failures are non-routine and cannot be designed. Frontline employees have to response fast to recover the service.
Environment is unpredictable, contains surprises
Managers are comfortable letting employees work independently for benefit of firm and customers
Employees seek to deepen skills, like working with others, and are good at group processes