112. Overall, there is a need to promote links and interface among the various sub-regions to broaden and deepen these partnerships, given the larger geographical coverage and synergy that can be generated among the sub-regions. ASEAN makes available a broader regional framework in which these sub-regional programmes can carry out their work since many ASEAN and GMS, BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT activities share the same purpose, Since the participating countries in these sub-regional programmes are members of ASEN, there may exist overlapping country participation and geographical coverage in the sub- regional programmes. Many ASEAN programmes, especially those in infrastructure, human resiurces and the environment, could be implemented with greater focus and at a more rapid pace when carried out in the smaller area and context of the sub-regions. Enhancing coordination among the GMS, BIMP-EAGA and IMT-GT sub-regional programmes with ASEAN will help bridge the gap between project-driven "bottom-up" and policy-driven "top-down" approaches to economic integration and promote closer linkages between the sub-regional programmes and ASEAN. IT will also be necessary to examine how to more closely coordinate the three sub-regional programmes in term of sub-regional analyses and assessments, and programme and project planning.