If such a
case is examined within the framework of developmental science, the
function and significance of intra- and extra-uterine systems could
not be separated as they both contribute to the development and
functioning of the fetus and subsequently the preterm infant. In
examining the effects of maternal risk factors on the risk of NEC in the
preterm infants, the variables shown to increase the vulnerability of
the preterm infants system were addressed as mediators but were not
tested in this study1
: decreased fetal oxygenation and2 altered fetal
immune system. Maternal risk factors (chronic hypertension, cocaine
use, infection) were expected to have a direct effect on the neonatal
risk factor of preterm delivery.