Fig. 6.
A schematic map of mutations in human lamin A that cause three distinct inherited diseases. Shown is the lamin A protein (50). The N-terminal head, coiled-coil rod and C-terminal tail domains are shown in different shades of blue. Mutations clinically associated with inherited dilated cardiomyopathy type 1A are shown in red. The mutations associated with autosomal–recessive and autosomal–dominant Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) are shown in green and blue, respectively. Mutations associated with Dunnington-type partial lipodystrophy are shown in brown (mutation data taken from 47). More than half of the mutated residues that are associated with human diseases are identical in the lamin A gene in Xenopus and lamin A genes in hydra 9. Numbers indicate exons, which are drawn approximately to scale according to the number of amino acid residues encoded. Mutations associated with sporadic (non-inherited) disease are omitted. The clustering of mutations for dilated cardiomyopathy 1A and Dunnington-type lipodystrophy to distinct regions of the lamin protein indicates that these regions are used as attachment sites for specific binding partners relevant to each disease.