Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry deals with an interdisciplinary field; it is an area between the sections natural products and synthetic organic chemistry and related to the module BIOMED. In this section the focus is largely based on new molecules, and their design and synthesis, and with biological and chemical characterization, as well as structures–property relationships and applications in medicinal products. This topical introduction deals with an overview of the field; it starts with a historic introduction and ends with an outlook to the future.