Buddhism is a religious movement started in the sixth century B.C. by Prince Siddhartha Gutama Sakyamuni. Later, he became known as the prophet, Buddha. He encouraged his followers to follow the Middle Way and practice moderation in all aspects of living. Buddha taught that life was pain and suffering because we have cravings and desires. He saw that the only end to the suffering was when those cravings and desires ceased to exist. When the end of suffering was achieved, one had reached nirvana. This state of absence of craving and by extension suffering, is also known as enlightenment.