Interestingly, some investigators55 reported that obese subjects without the metabolic syndrome had more pronounced benefits of weight loss-induced BP reduction than those with the metabolic syndrome.
We previously observed blunted responses of plasma NE and insulin to oral glucose ingestion in subjects with insulin resistance, suggesting that exercise amelioration on insulin resistance may be an ancillary effect on weight loss-induced BP reduction.
In addition, several investigators compared the effects of BP and forearm vascular conductance measured using venous occlusion plethysmography between D and D+EX groups.
Both groups experienced similar effects on weight loss and BP reductions, although the forearm vascular conductance responses (improved muscle vasodilation) during exercise and mental stress increased significantly and was normalized only in the D+EX group, thereby demonstrating that EX exerts additional effects and improves vascular dilation.
These investigations highlight the importance of aerobic exercise in weight-loss programs in order to significantly reduce BP and improve insulin resistance.