A Novel Approach for Determining Operating Reserve Required Capacity
In this paper, we present the technical fundamentals of frequency control and survey reserve as ancillary
services in power systems from various countries and criteria. In this first part, we explain the basic control
scheme for frequency control. Definitions, roles, requirement of operating reserve are then described. Finally,
we suppose a new approach to determine the required capacity of operating reserve in the consideration of
relationship capacity price and energy price of operating reserve under simultaneous auction
Frequency Control is an important concern to power system operation, having significant impact on system
security, operating costs, and investment costs. This paper addresses various aspects of frequency control and
related ancillary services. First, we explain a general description of frequency control. Second, we review
operating reserve requirement determination methods. Third, we suggest reserve capacity determination method
considering inter-relationship between the secondary control reserve and the tertiary control reserve. Then we
summarize our research results.
This chapter provides a general description of frequency control system. Frequency control action is required
to maintain severe imbalance between load and generation. If large load(or generation) is suddenly increased(or
decreased), there will be long term power imbalance between generation and load. This imbalance is firstly
removed by the kinetic energy from rotating rotors of generators, turbines, and motors, consequently, the system
frequency will change[1],[2].
The paper proposes a novel method for determining operating reserve in the consideration of inter-relationship between the secondary control reserve and the tertiary control reserve. Numerical simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Especially, we consider a simultaneous auction for the different reserves. The proposed method further extended to take account for delay time, various market structure, and demand deviation models.