The utilisation of municipal solid waste (MSW) for energy production has been implemented globally for
many decades. Malaysia, however, is still highly dependent on landfills for MSW management. Because of
the concern for greenhouse gases (GHG) emission and the scarcity of land, Malaysia has an urgent need
for a better waste management strategy. This study aims to evaluate the energy, economic and environmental
(3E) impact of waste-to-energy (WTE) for municipal solid waste management. An existing landfill
in Malaysia is selected as the case study for consideration to adopt the advanced WTE technologies
including the landfill gas recovery system (LFGRS), incineration, anaerobic digestion (AD), and gasi-
fication. The study presented an interactive comparison of different WTE scenarios and followed by further
discussion on waste incineration and AD as the two potential WTE options in Malaysia. The 3E
assessment reveals incineration as the superior technology choice when the production of electricity
and heat were considered; however, AD is found to be more favourable under the consideration of electricity
production only.