In neuroeconomics, reward and social interaction are central concepts to understand what motivates human behaviour. Both concepts are
investigated in humans using neuroimaging methods. In this paper, we provide an overview about these results and discuss their relevance
for economic behaviour. For reward it has been shown that a system exists in humans that is involved in predicting rewards and thus guides
behaviour, involving a circuit including the striatum, the orbitofrontal cortex and the amygdala. Recent studies on social interaction revealed
a mentalizing system representing the mental states of others. A central part of this system is the medial prefrontal cortex, in particular
the anterior paracingulate cortex. The reward as well as the mentalizing system is engaged in economic decision-making. We will discuss
implications of this study for neuromarketing as well as general implications of these results that may help to provide deeper insights into the
motivating forces of human behaviour.