Production of virgin coconut oil via natural fermentation has led to large amount of wastes being generated,
i.e., coconut pulp and wastewater containing coconut crème. Objective of this study is to gain more
insight into the feasibility of utilization of such wastes as raw materials together with several types of
wastes such as fish waste and/or pineapple peel for bioextract production. Chemical, physico-chemical
and biological changes including phytotoxicity of the fermented mixture were closely monitored. Physical
observation suggested that fermentation of bioextract obtained with fish waste appeared to be complete
within the first month of fermentation while bioextract obtained using pineapple waste seemed to
be complete after 8 months post-fermentation. Fermentation broth is of blackish color with alcoholic as
well as acidic odour with no gas bubble and/or yeast film present on top of the surface. During the whole
fermentation interval, several attributes of both bioextracts, e.g., pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and
organic acids, were statistically different. Further, the total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria present in
pineapple bioextract were statistically higher than those of the fish bioextract (p < 0.01). The highest germination
indices of 123 and 106 were obtained at 21 and 14 days post-fermentation for fish and pineapple
bioextracts, respectively. In addition, qualities of both bioextracts conformed well with those
specified by the Thai standard for liquid biofertilizer after 1 month fermentation. Results further showed
that wastewater derived from virgin coconut oil manufacturing process could effectively be employed
together with other types of wastes such as fish waste and pineapple peel for bioextract production.
However, for the best bioextract quality, fermentation should be carefully planned since over fermentation
led to bioextract of low qualities.