3. Literature review
3.1. Green logistics and sustainable development
The logistics is seen as the actions of which the objective is to minimize costs and maximize profits. The term was used
mostly in purely business areas exhibiting companies and in financial reports. But, for many years, the term logistics was used
in conjunction with the "green" by creating "Green Logistics" - the term containing costs, yet did not appear on financial
reports and on the environment and society. According to Rodrigue et al.(2012), the term “green logistics” is defined as
supply chain management practices and strategies that reduce the environmental and energy footprint of freight distribution,
which focuses on material handling, waste management, packaging and transport while according to Mesjasz-Lech (2011),
Green logistics consists of all activities related to the eco-efficient management of the forward and reverse flows of products
and information between the point of origin and the point of consumption whose purpose is to meet or exceed customer
demand. Lee & Klassen (2008) describe green logistics as Green Supply Chain Management that can be defined as an
organizations activity taking into account environmental issues and integrating it into supply chain management in order to
change the environmental performance of suppliers and customers, while according to Sibihi & Eglese(2009), green logistics
activities include measuring the environmental impact of different distribution strategies, reducing the energy usage in
logistics activities, reducing waste and managing its treatment. From the sustainable development point of view, green
logistics can be defined as, “producing and distributing goods in a sustainable way, taking account of environmental and
social factors” (Sibihi & Eglese, 2009).