People with type 2 diabetes require dietetic
advice at diagnosis (preferably within 1 month),
a follow up visit 3 months after initial dietary
intervention, and should receive ongoing MNT
every 6–12 months.15 Due to the high prevalence
of overweight and obesity in this group, and its
primary role in the aetiology of the condition,
weight loss of 5–10% of initial body weight
at diagnosis is a primary objective, along with
management of hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia
and/or hypertension. This can be achieved
through a diet in which energy intake is balanced
with regular physical activity, and one that is
low in saturated fat and sodium and high in fibre
and low GI carbohydrates. It is worth noting that
reducing energy intake, regardless of dietary
composition, and regular dietary counselling
and support are the most likely predictors of
successful weight loss.16,17
I t is important to limit the intake of saturated
fat and avoid trans fats to assist with weight
management, improve insulin sensitivity,
and reduce blood lipids to decrease overall
cardiovascular disease risk.
Carbohydrate intake should be spread out
evenly over the day to assist with blood glucose
management. For patients taking insulin and