The largest factor associated with optimal review is for the learner to transform their notes i some interactive way, rather than simply reading or copying their notes. For example, the quality of summaries produced by learners after reviewing their notes was the best predictor of later test performance, which was an even better predictor than differences in WM capacity Overall, it appears that many methods or exercises that encourage learner interaction or engagement with content during review improves learning, even the act of trying to understand a peer's notes has been found to be beneficial.