Over the last twenty years, with growing policy emphasis on improving energy efficiency and reducing
environmental pollution and carbon emissions, China has implemented a series of new minimum energy
performance standards (MEPS) and mandatory and voluntary energy labels to improve appliance energy
efficiency. As China begins planning for the next phase of standards and labeling (S&L) program
development under the 12th Five Year Plan, an evaluation of recent program developments and future
directions is needed to identify gaps that still exist when compared with international best practices. The
review of China’s S&L program development and implementation in comparison with major findings
from international experiences reveal that there are still areas of improvement, particularly when
compared to success factors observed across leading international S&L program.
China currently lacks a formalized regulatory process for standard-setting and do not have any legal or
regulatory guidance on elements of S&L development such as stakeholder participation or the issue of
legal precedence between conflicting national, industrial and local standards. Consequently, China’s
laws regarding standard-setting and management of the mandatory energy label program could be
updated, as they have not been amended or revised recently and no longer reflects the current situation.
While China uses similar principles for choosing target products as the U.S., Australia, EU and Japan,
including high energy-consumption, mature industry and testing procedure and stakeholder support,
recent MEPS revisions have generally aimed at only eliminating the bottom 20% efficiency of the market.
Setting a firm principle based on maximizing energy savings that are technically feasible and
economically justified may help improve the stringency of China’s MEPS program and reduce the need
for frequent revisions.
China also lacks robust survey data and relies primarily on market research data in relatively simple
techno-economic analyses used to determine its efficiency standards levels rather than the specific sets
of analyses and tools used internationally. Based on international experiences, inclusion of more
Over the last twenty years, with growing policy emphasis on improving energy efficiency and reducingenvironmental pollution and carbon emissions, China has implemented a series of new minimum energyperformance standards (MEPS) and mandatory and voluntary energy labels to improve appliance energyefficiency. As China begins planning for the next phase of standards and labeling (S&L) programdevelopment under the 12th Five Year Plan, an evaluation of recent program developments and futuredirections is needed to identify gaps that still exist when compared with international best practices. Thereview of China’s S&L program development and implementation in comparison with major findingsfrom international experiences reveal that there are still areas of improvement, particularly whencompared to success factors observed across leading international S&L program.China currently lacks a formalized regulatory process for standard-setting and do not have any legal orregulatory guidance on elements of S&L development such as stakeholder participation or the issue oflegal precedence between conflicting national, industrial and local standards. Consequently, China’slaws regarding standard-setting and management of the mandatory energy label program could beupdated, as they have not been amended or revised recently and no longer reflects the current situation.While China uses similar principles for choosing target products as the U.S., Australia, EU and Japan,including high energy-consumption, mature industry and testing procedure and stakeholder support,recent MEPS revisions have generally aimed at only eliminating the bottom 20% efficiency of the market.Setting a firm principle based on maximizing energy savings that are technically feasible andeconomically justified may help improve the stringency of China’s MEPS program and reduce the needfor frequent revisions.China also lacks robust survey data and relies primarily on market research data in relatively simpletechno-economic analyses used to determine its efficiency standards levels rather than the specific setsof analyses and tools used internationally. Based on international experiences, inclusion of more
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