With the prospect of large-scale environmental
changes, there is an urgent need to obtain information
regarding environmental influences acting on the emergence
of cercariae in marine systems. We investigated the
response of trematodes of the intertidal snail Zeacumantus
subcarinatus to altered temperature, salinity, and water
level. The emergence of one trematode species, Maritrema
novaezealandensis (Microphallidae), showed a weak trend
to decrease with increased temperature; whereas, the
emergence of a second species, Philophthalmus sp.
(Philophthalmidae), increased at warmer temperatures.
Both species exhibited increased cercarial emergence at
the lowest salinity used (30 PSU). More M. novaezealandensis
cercariae emerged when snails were kept partially
submerged. In contrast, emergence of Philophthalmus sp.
increased when snails were completely submerged. These
results may reflect different transmission strategies
employed by the two trematode species. Based on this
model, we propose that trematode parasitism in intertidal
zones is likely to be impacted by various changes in the
marine environment resulting from global warming
With the prospect of large-scale environmentalchanges, there is an urgent need to obtain informationregarding environmental influences acting on the emergenceof cercariae in marine systems. We investigated theresponse of trematodes of the intertidal snail Zeacumantussubcarinatus to altered temperature, salinity, and waterlevel. The emergence of one trematode species, Maritremanovaezealandensis (Microphallidae), showed a weak trendto decrease with increased temperature; whereas, theemergence of a second species, Philophthalmus sp.(Philophthalmidae), increased at warmer temperatures.Both species exhibited increased cercarial emergence atthe lowest salinity used (30 PSU). More M. novaezealandensiscercariae emerged when snails were kept partiallysubmerged. In contrast, emergence of Philophthalmus sp.increased when snails were completely submerged. Theseresults may reflect different transmission strategiesemployed by the two trematode species. Based on thismodel, we propose that trematode parasitism in intertidalzones is likely to be impacted by various changes in themarine environment resulting from global warming
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