Much is known about proteins adsorbed at the air–water
interface. Precise measurements of interfacial tension,
rheological properties, as well as many other physical and
chemical characteristics, are possible. The study of
interfacial properties is facilitated by the possibility of
establishing equilibrium or near-equilibrium conditions.
Investigating protein foams is more complex in the number
of variables and the relative instability of these systems.
Nonetheless, much information has been gained by
investigating factors that determine foamability, rheological
properties and stability. What is lacking is understanding
how interfacial and foam properties determine final
performance in a food foam during processing. Foams
may undergo heat and mass transfer, along with volume
changes, when formed into the desired food structure. Much
research is needed to understand the complex series of
reactions that go into making protein foam-based aerated
foods.