1. Generate an undirected graph G(V,E) from protein–protein interactions.
2. Construct dynamic PPI network (N(N = nc) temporal networks) according to the method mentioned in Section 2.1.
3. For each temporal network, compute the LAC value of all nodes by Function (1).
4. Compute the D_LAC values of all nodes by Function (2).
5. For each temporal network, compute degreein of all nodes based on complex set CS by Function (3).
6. For each temporal network, compute CC value of all nodes by Function (4).
7. Compute the D_CC values of all nodes by Function (5).
8. Compute HarC of all nodes by Function (6).
9. Sort nodes in descending order by their HarC value.
10. Output ranked proteins and select the top k proteins as the candidates of essential proteins.