Metacognition is an expansive way of saying “thinking about one’s thinking.” Yet, it remains an elusive idea. As with the other elements of 21st century thinking, it’s best to start with n understanding of its meaning and complexity. John Flavell was one of the early authorities on the subject. He described the essence of metacognition as the ability to manage and monitor one’s thinking. This mean begin aware of, monitoring, and regulating one’s thinking in relation to self, other, learning, and actions. It requires taking active control over thinking and learning and using strategies for enhancing learning and performance.Additionally,it considers how learning take in,store, and retrieve information.