To be able to mathematize a situation and to deal with it. (In other words, to
be able to bring forth an (important) aspect of the problem into student's favored way of thinking by mobilizing their repertories of learned mathematics to reinterpret it in order to deal with the situation mathematically, and then to apply their preferred techniques.) (Shimada,1977)
-To be able to collaborate with others in solving a mathematical problem.
(Shimada et al., 1972)