General maintenance-related examples include:
(1) Eliminating/Isolating as much hazards as possible before maintenance work.
Situations where this is demonstrable include: Providing temporary containment for leakage from a pipeline to be repaired and disconnecting a leaking pipeline from the flow system before repair.
(2) Reducing the amount of hazard before/during a maintenance activity.
Situations where this is applicable include: (i) The reduction of a pipeline operating pressure below the normal value during pigging and (ii) flushing a pipeline with water in order to remove hazardous materials before hot repair work.
(3) Reducing the frequency of hazardous maintenance tasks as far as reasonably practicable when they are unavoidable.One way in which this can be practiced in optimizing the pipeline pigging cycle/frequency.