Around the same time,scientists in the U.S. were making progress on developing computer. ln 1944,IBM (international Business Machines), co-sponsored the Mark i computer together with Harvard University. it was designed by Howard Aiken and Grace Hopper, and it was the first machine to complete long calculations automatically. the Mark I was installed in an enormous room. the giant was sixteen meters long and two and a half meters high, weighed over five tons, contained 760,000 separate pieces, and was very noisy. By today's standards, the mark I was slow, and required three to five seconds for a multiplication operation. Computers have changed a lot since their early days.the computers used by NASA to send the first man to the moon in 1969 were slower than today's average PC,and even laptops can perform many calculations faster than some of the older,giant machines.