Water electrolysis and natural gas reforming are the technologies of choice in the current
and near term. They are proven technologies that can be used in the early phases of
building a hydrogen infrastructure for the transport sector. Small-scale natural gas reformers
have only limited commercial availability, but several units are being tested in demonstration
projects. In the medium to long term, centralised fossil fuel-based production of hydrogen,
with the capture and storage of CO2, could be the technology of choice. However, the
capture and storage of CO2 is not yet technically and commercially proven. Further R&D
on the processes of absorption and separation are required.