6.3 Sales revenue
In general, the classifications below represent all accounts which are directly related to sales (gross profit accounts =
sales accounts, sales deductions, inventory change, costs of goods sold). You may also refer to provided sales grid for a
complete overview of Metrohm Group’s sales and service revenue structure:
1. Sales category:
· 30.000 Instrument Sales
· 32.000 Other products
· 36.000 Service
· 37.000 Commission indent Sales
· 38.000 Other Income
2. Production site:
· 30.100 Metrohm products
· 30.200 Autolab products
· 30.300 Applikon products
3. Customer:
· 30.000 Sales to 3rd party
· 30.010 Sales to Metrohm Group company
· 30.020 Sales to sub-entity (within Metrohm Nordics, Metrohm China, etc.)
6.3.1 Sales Definition
Sales are operating revenues earned for selling products or rendering services to customers. These may be 3rd parties
or related parties (intercompany sales, =ICO sales). An invoice is posted to record that items are sold. The invoice is a
document that represents the items sold to the customer and the customer must pay for them during a certain
period.
At Metrohm Group companies in their role of sellers of goods, Sales revenue is recorded when title and risks of
ownership transfer to the buyer. The point at which title (ownership) changes hands is determined by the shipping
terms in the sales contract. When goods are shipped FOB (free on board) shipping point, title changes hands at
shipment, and the buyer normally pays for shipping. When they are shipped FOB destination, title changes hands on
delivery, and the seller normally pays for shipping. Revenues from goods shipped FOB shipping point are normally
recognized at shipment. Revenues from goods shipped FOB delivery are normally recognized at delivery.
Consumers have a right to return unsatisfactory or damaged goods and receive a refund or an adjustment to their
bill. Such returns are often accumulated in a separate account called Sales Returns and Allowances and must be
deducted from gross sales revenue in determining net sales.
6.3.2 Revenue and receipt
Topline of the P&L is sales and service revenue. Revenues are not to be confused with receipts. Under the accrual
basis of accounting, service revenues and sales revenues are shown at the top of the income statement in the period
they are earned or delivered, not in the period when the cash is collected. Put simply, revenues occur when money is