Table salt, high protein (HP) and low protein (LP) wheat flour
were obtained from the local market and stored at 25 C during
the study. Moisture, protein, and ash contents of wheat flour were
determined according to approved methods of the AACC (2000);
Water activity was determined using a Novasina Thermoconstanter
model Labswift-aw (Lucerne, Switzerland) according to the
manufacturer’s instructions; farinogram properties of the wheat
flour were tested according to the ICC-standard method 115/1
(1992).
To determine farinograph water absorption, dough development
time, and stability, wheat flour was first weighed into the
mixing bowl of the farinograph (Brabender, Duisburg, Germany)
in the corresponding quantity according to its water content. The
bowl was connected with a circulating water pump and a thermostat
which operated at 30 ± 0.2 C.