Additional studies on nutrient removal by MFC are needed.
Testing the system on a pilot scale is essential before the application
of a full scale due to the limited number of developed models in the
literature and due to additional challenges such as unstable bacterial
biofilm and low power density when organic matter concentration
is low in wastewater. Techno-economic analysis for fullscale
MFC application is also needed to determine the appropriate
MFC configuration and operation for various wastewater sources.