(b) Planning action
In the first term of the 2008 academic
year, this study was conducted in the
researcher’s class with a total of 32 firstyear
Thai undergraduates from the
Department of Statistics in the Faculty of
Commerce and Accountancy,
Chulalongkorn University. Concerning the
ethical issues, all the 32 undergraduates
were supposed to have an equal
opportunity for participating in the entire
JW treatment. However, in fact, ten out of
32 undergraduates: seven females (70%)
and three males (30%) were randomly
selected as the participants of the study.
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94
The students were further divided into two
groups: ‘high-achievers’ and ‘lowachievers’
based on their grammatical
scores on the verb-tense test. With its
reliability index of .81, the test, developed
by the researcher, was conducted prior to
the introduction of JW treatment. Within
these two groups, the 10 students (i.e., 5 in
each group) were selected for in-depth
data analyses: quantitative (i.e.,
grammatical accuracy) analysis on JW and
qualitative (i.e., the students’ opinions)
analysis on the dialogue-journal entries
and an interview.
Phase 2: Acting process