1. GOVERNING EQUATIONS
1.1 Shallow Water Theory
Tsunamis which are mainly generated by the movement of sea bottom due to earthquakes
belong to long waves. In the theory of such waves, the vertical acceleration of water particles are negligible
compared to the gravitational acceleration except for an oceanic propagation of tsunami [Kajiura, 1963].
Consequently, the vertical motion of water particles has no effect on the pressure distribution. It is a good
approximation that the pressure is hydrostatic.