Task values. Students’ task values refer to the extent to which a student perceives that the task at-hand or the school subject studied is important, useful, and interesting (Wigfield & Eccles, 1992). The values placed by a student on a certain learning task are assumed to influence directly the amount of effort, the intensity of engagement, and the performance in the task attained by student (Wigfield & Eccles, 1992). In this study, we examined Indonesian students’ perceptions of PKn (PKn task values). Consistent with what is posited in Wigfield & Eccles task value theory, we hypothesized that students, PKn task values would have positine and direct associations with their concepts of a good citizen, civic behavioural intention, and political enquiry (see Figure 7.1 for a graphical representation of the hypotheses).