The approaches in hydrogen generation, using the fossil
fuels route and the nuclear energy routes, are represented
schematically in Fig. 13.
At present the main approach in hydrogen generation is
based on steam reforming of natural gas. While this technology
is well entrenched and the cost of hydrogen produced this
way is relatively low, the costs related to the associated air
pollution and the related climate change are high and borne
by the entire community.
As seen, the present most feasible technology of nuclearto-
hydrogen production is based on thermochemical water
splitting. The alternative approach is generation of electricity
that is subsequently used for water electrolysis. In both cases
the raw material for hydrogen generation is water.