In conclusion, our study contributes to the limited body of research examining the effects of coffee MOS on body composition in overweight individuals. Consumption of coffee MOS can have a beneficial effect on energy balance, shifting to a negative energy balance in men, when consumed as part of a free living,weight-maintaining diet . However,more research is needed to further confirm gender differences in the effects of MOS on adipose tissue reduction and confirm the mechanisms of action of MOS in modulating energy balance.